Growth performance, amino acid composition, and biochemical parameters of Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792) fed with Ipomoea aquatica supplemented diets

Abstract

This study investigated the potential for supplementing the diet of the climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) with Ipomoea aquatica by evaluating its growth performance, amino acid composition and biochemical parameters. A 60-day feeding trial was conducted using five isonitrogenous diets that incorporated varying levels of Ipomoea aquatica: IP0 (0%), IP5 (5%), IP10 (10%), IP15 (15%) and IP20 (20%). Growth parameters, amino acid profiles and biochemical markers were analysed to determine the optimal dietary inclusion level. The results revealed that 15% inclusion of I. aquatica resulted in the highest final weight (FW), body weight gain (BWG) and specific growth rate (SGR), as well as an improved feed conversion ratio (FCR). This group also exhibited enhanced fish muscle amino acid composition, particularly of essential amino acids such as methionine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. A similar increase in total immunoglobulin (TIg), lysozyme (LYZ) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities was observed in this group, suggesting improved immunity and health. No significant changes were observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) or thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) activities across the different levels of inclusion. These findings suggest that I. aquatica can serve as a sustainable alternative protein source in A. testudineus feed, with a 15% inclusion level providing optimal growth, nutritional benefits, and immune enhancement. This study highlights the potential of I. aquatica as a viable alternative to conventional fishmeal and promotes sustainable aquaculture practices.